Improvement Needed for State Pension Funding Levels
August 26, 2013 (PLANSPONSOR.com) – U.S. state pensions are showing
some signs of stabilization, but significant improvement in funded levels
will take many more years, said a new survey.
According to gA Bumpy Road Lies Ahead For U.S. Public Pension Funded
Levelsh from Standard & Poorfs Ratings Services, the 50-state average
funded ratio fell by about 1% to 72.9% in 2011 compared with 73.7% in
2010. This was smaller than the 1.6% drop noted in the 2010 survey and
much smaller than the 7% decline from 2008 to 2009. The 50-state median
fell by 2.2% to 69.8% from 72%--a similar rate of decline as in 2010
(2.1%) and much lower than the 6% decline in 2009.
The road to pension funded level improvement will be bumpy, said the
surveyfs authors. Although a decelerating rate of decline is positive,
they expect states will need to actively manage pension funds to ensure
their long-term sustainability. The authors also expect to see factors
such as market volatility, the implementation of Governmental Accounting
Standards Board (GASB) Statements 67 and 68, and ongoing pension reform
efforts to affect pension valuations. For weaker funded systems, the
authors see a problematic funding environment as growth in pension
contributions consumes a larger part of those statesf budgets.
The survey also found that states continue to operate cautiously, given
uncertain revenues and expenditures. Although revenues for most states
have returned to pre-recession levels, they have not kept pace with
spending pressures. State officials are facing budget challenges as they
deal with demands to restore service levels, reduce taxes and implement
the provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
Other findings by the survey include:
- Pension funded ratios continue to decline as the investment losses
from 2008 and 2009 are smoothed into actuarial value of assets. However,
these declines seem to be decelerating;
- Efforts to reform pension systems are far from over and are
intensifying as more policymakers look to make structural changes to
their systems that will significantly lower liabilities;
- The implementation of GASB pension reporting and accounting changes,
in most cases, will result in the reporting of a greater and more
volatile unfunded pension liability;
- Statesf decisions on what pension funding policy to adopt and their
discipline in adhering to the policy are likely to shape the future
direction of pension funded levels; and
- Most states have sufficient assets in their pension trusts to fund
benefits payments over the near to medium term and in many cases, long
term. Under the new GASB statements, the crossover point used for
discount rate blending will better identify situations when assets will
no longer be available to fund benefits.
Standard & Poorfs covered valuation data through 2011 for all
state-sponsored plans. The data showed that the average funded ratio
continued to weaken, although only slightly. The data was from 2011
valuations and reported in the statesf 2012 comprehensive annual financial
reports (CAFRs), the latest year for which CAFRs are available. The wide
spread between the highest and lowest funded state plans showed the
significant variation among the funded ratios of state plans.
In 2011, pension funded ratios dropped for 34 of the 50 U.S. states,
remained unchanged for six, and increased for the remaining 10 states,
according to the survey. The average funded ratio change for the 50
states was -0.8% but changes to individual plans ranged from a 7.3%
decline to as much as an 11.6% increase. When looking only at the states
that had declines, the survey found that the average drop was 2.5% with a
median decline of 2.2%. Of the 13 states that had increased funded levels,
the average increase was 3.9% with a median increase of 1.6% and ranged
from 0.2% to 11.6% increases in individual funded ratios.
The top five states by funded level include Wisconsin (99.9%), South
Dakota (96.3%), North Carolina (95.3%), Washington (93.7%) and New York
(92.7%). The bottom five states in terms of funding level include Illinois
(43.4%), Kentucky (53.4%), Connecticut (55%), Louisiana (56.2%) and New
Hampshire (57.4%).
To purchase a copy of the survey or to subscribe to other Standard
& Poorfs research material, please go here.
Kevin McGuinness
editors@plansponsor.com
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